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Real Madrid
Datos generales
Nombre Real Madrid Club de Fútbol[1]​
Apodo(s) Merengues, Madridistas, Blancos, Vikingos[2]​
Fundación 6 de marzo de 1902 (122 años)
(como Sociedad Madrid Foot-Ball Club)[3]​
Presidente Español Florentino Pérez[4]​
Entrenador Chileno Manuel Pellegrini[5]​
Instalaciones
Estadio Santiago Bernabéu
Madrid, España
Capacidad 80.354[6]​
Inauguración 14 de diciembre de 1947
Uniforme
Titular
Alternativo
Tercero
Última temporada
Liga Primera División de España
(2008-09) 2º
Página web oficial

Real Madrid Club de Fútbol ({{IPA-es|reˈal maˈðɾið klub de ˈfutbol}}, commonly known as Real Madrid) is a professional football club based in Madrid, Spain. It is the most successful team in Spanish football and was voted by FIFA as the most successful club of the 20th century, having won a record thirty-one La Liga titles, seventeen Spanish Cups, a record nine European Cups and two UEFA Cups. Real was a founding member of FIFA and the now-defunct G–14 group of Europe's leading football clubs as well as its replacement, the European Club Association.

Founded in 1902, Real Madrid has since spent all of its history in the top flight of Spanish football. In the 1940s, the club, the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium and the Ciudad Deportiva were rebuilt following the Spanish Civil War. The club established itself as a major force in both Spanish and European football during the 1950s. In the 1980s, the club had one of the best teams in Spain and Europe (known as La Quinta del Buitre), winning two UEFA Cups, five Spanish championships in a row, one Spanish cup and three Spanish Super Cups.

The club's traditional home colours are all white. Its crest has been changed several times in attempts to modernise or re-brand; the current crest is a modified version of the one first adopted in the 1920s. Real's home is the 80,354-person-capacity Santiago Bernabéu football stadium in downtown Madrid, where it has played since 1947. Unlike most European football clubs, Real Madrid's members (socios) have owned and operated the club since its inception. Real is the world's richest football club (€366m) in terms of revenue.[7]​

History

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Artículo principal: History of Real Madrid C.F.

This articles details the History of Real Madrid football club.

Early years

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Real Madrid team in 1905

Football was introduced to Madrid by the professors and students of the Institución Libre de Enseñanza. They included several Oxbridge graduates. In 1895 they founded the club Football Sky, playing on Sunday mornings at Moncloa. In 1900 this club split into two different clubs New Foot-Ball de Madrid and Club Español de Madrid. The president of the latter club was Julián Palacios. In 1902 the latter club split again, resulting in the formation of Sociedad Madrid FC on March 6, 1902. The first president was Juan Padrós Rubió; the first secretary was Manuel Mendía; and the first treasurer was José de Gorostizaga. Juan Padrós Rubió would be later succeeded by his brother, Carlos Padrós from Spain. In 1905, only three years after its foundation, Madrid FC already won its first major title in the Estadio Chamartín stadium. The team won the first of four consecutive Copa del Rey - titles (at that time the only statewide competition). In 1912 they moved to their first ground called 'Campo de O'Donnell' after moving between some minor grounds.[8]​ In 1920 the club's name was changed into Real Madrid after King Alfonso XIII, a reputed football fan, granted the title of Real (Royal) to the club. However, when the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed the club dropped both the world Real and the royal crown from the emblem, being known from then and until the end of the Spanish Civil War as Madrid C. F. only. The addition of the purple band to the emblem dates back to the Republican period and has remained there since then. In 1937, due to the stagnation of the ongoing civil war, all activity disappeared and the club virtually ceased to exist.

Santiago Bernabéu Yeste

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Before becoming President in 1945, Santiago Bernabéu Yeste had already carried out the functions of player, first-team captain, club maintenance, first-team manager and director, in an association with the club that lasted nearly 70 years. He was responsible for rebuilding the club after the Spanish Civil War, and under his presidency, the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium and the Ciudad Deportiva. Real Madrid has a newly named stadium which is the 'Alfredo Di Stéfano Stadium'.

He also reorganized the club at all levels, in what would become the normal operating hierarchy of professional clubs in the future, giving every section and level of the club independent technical teams and recruiting staff such as Raimundo Saporta.

Finally, beginning in 1953 he embarked upon a strategy of signing world-class players from abroad, the most prominent of them being the signing of Alfredo Di Stéfano and built the world's first truly multinational side. During Bernabéu's presidency many of Real Madrid's most legendary names played for the club, including the aforementioned Alfredo Di Stéfano, Ferenc Puskás, Francisco Gento, Héctor Rial, Raymond Kopa, José Santamaría, Miguel Muñoz, Amancio, SantillanaChampions League. Under the administration of UEFA, it is the world's premier club tournament.

It was under Bernabéu's guidance, that Real Madrid became established as a major force in both Spanish and European football. Before passing away in 1978, Bernabéu had been the club's president for 33 years, during which he won 1 Intercontinental Cup, 6 European Cups, 16 La Liga titles, and 6 Spanish Cups.

International success

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1956 European Cup Final starting lineup.
1957 European Cup Final starting lineup.
1958 European Cup Final starting lineup.
1959 European Cup Final starting lineup.
1960 European Cup Final starting lineup.
1966 European Cup Final starting lineup.

In addition to their domestic success, Real Madrid's reputation as a major club was established by their outstanding record in the European Cup. To date they have been crowned champions of Europe a record nine times. Alfredo Di Stéfano, Ferenc Puskás and other famous players helped the club win the European Cup five times in a row between 1956 and 1960, which included the memorable 7-3 Hampden Park final against Eintracht Frankfurt in 1960. The club won for a sixth time in 1966 with the team known as the Ye-Ye , defeating Partizan Belgrade 2-1 in the final with a team composed entirely of nationally-born players, a first in the competition. They were also runners-up in 1962, 1964 and 1981. Winning the competition five consecutive times saw Real permanently awarded the original cup and earning the right to wear the UEFA badge of honour. They have also won the UEFA Cup twice and were twice runners-up in the European Cup Winners Cup.

In 1996 President Lorenzo Sanz appointed Fabio Capello as coach. Although his tenure lasted only one season, Real Madrid were proclaimed league champions and several important players arrived at the club (Roberto Carlos, Predrag Mijatović, Davor Šuker and Clarence Seedorf) to strengthen a squad that already boasted the likes of Raúl, Fernando Hierro and Fernando Redondo. As a result, Real Madrid (with the addition of Fernando Morientes in 1997) finally ended its 32-year wait for the seventh European Cup in 1998 under manager Jupp Heynckes, defeating Juventus 1-0 in the final, thanks to a goal from Predrag Mijatović. Real Madrid would go on to win again in 2000 and 2002 under manager Vicente Del Bosque, with sides including players such as Luís Figo and Zinedine Zidane.

Real Madrid is also three-time winners of the Intercontinental Cup, defeating Peñarol, Vasco da Gama, and Olimpia Asunción in 1960, 1998, and 2002 respectively.

The Luis de Carlos Era (1978 - 1985)

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Honours Won (8) : La Liga (1979), (1980), (1986) Copa del Rey (1980), (1982) Copa de la Liga (1985) UEFA Cup (1985)

After a brief period as interim President, Raimundo Saporta called for elections. The Club's treasurer, Luis de Carlos, resigned in order to run for President. 26 July 1978 was the deadline for candidates to apply in order to run for office. De Carlos submitted 3,352 documents endorsing his candidacy, while the rest -gynaecologist Campos Gil and florist José Daguerre- didn't get the minimum number required in time. This called off the election and Luis de Carlos was proclaimed President of Real Madrid.

On 4 June 1980, the Santiago Bernabéu hosted the Cup final between Real Madrid and Castilla, the Club's second team, created on 21 July 1972. Castilla managed to defeat four First Division teams -Hércules, Athletic Bilbao, Real Sociedad and Sporting Gijon- to get to the final of the Spanish Championship. Real Madrid defeated Castilla -coached by the sorely missed Juanjo- 6-1.

France Football named Real Madrid the Best European Team of 1980. The jury took into account the two national titles the team won that year -the League and the King's Cup- and the fact that they reached the semifinals of the European Cup that season.

The 1980/81 season had an unpleasant finish for Madrid. On 26 April 1981, they lost the League when the victory chant was already being sung in Valladolid. Real Sociedad, who drew (2-2) against Sporting in the last minute at El Molinón claimed the title. Barely one month later, on 27 May, an Alan Kennedy goal (82nd minute) gave Liverpool the European Cup, when overtime was the only fair option.

The professional Real Madrid squad was one of four teams of the Primera Division to back the strike called on 11 April 1982. On that day, the Whites played at Castellón with Castilla footballers and defeated the hosts 2-1.

The final of the 1982 World Cup took place at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium. In a thrilling match, Italy outplayed Germany and won 3-1. What most spectators will remember most from that 11 July 1982 was the joy that overcame Sandro Pertini, President if Italy, each time the Italian side scored.

With the Presidential elections on the horizon, candidate Luis de Carlos introduced Alfredo di Stéfano and Amancio Amaro as coaches of the first team and Castilla on 19 May 1982. The Arrow left Madrid in 1964 and returned to the Club 18 years later. De Carlos defeated Ramón Mendoza in the election and Di Stéfano, who signed on for two years, won five runners-up titles in his first year as the Madridista coach.

Once the 1983/84 season had ended, Alfredo di Stéfano again said goodbye to Real Madrid. Twenty-one years later he went through the same experience. His contract ended on 30 June 1984 and Luis de Carlos decided not to resign him due to the failure to achieve sporting success.

On 12 December 1984, Emilio Butragueño became a European household name with an unforgettable performance against Anderlecht at the Bernabéu. The Belgians were coming off a 3-0 first leg win in Brussels and had the next round of the UEFA Cup in sight, but Butragueño crushed all their hopes with three goals (the other three were scored by Valdano, two, and Sanchís) and Real Madrid won convincingly 6-1.

After two brief stints as a Director and an election-time defeat to Luis de Carlos, Ramón Mendoza's became President of Real Madrid in 1985. Mendoza's arrival was the dawn of a new era in the history of the Club.

Real Madrid's first two UEFA Cup titles were won back-to-back. The first in 1984 against Hungary's Videoton (3-0 at Sosto Stadium and 0-1 in Chamartín), and the second one year later after defeating FC Köln 5-1 at the Bernabéu and losing 2-0 at the Olympiastadion in Berlin.

The Ramón Mendoza Era (1985 - 1995)

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Honours Won (13) : La Liga (1986), (1987), (1988), (1989), (1990), (1995) Copa del Rey (1989), (1993) Supercopa de España (1988), (1989), (1990), (1993) UEFA Cup (1986)

{{Details2|Quinta del Buitre}}

Quinta del Buitre was the name given to the generation of club grown Real Madrid players that dominated Spanish football in the 1980s. The name ("Vulture's Cohort") was derived from the nickname given to its most charismatic member Emilio Butragueño. The other four members were Manolo Sanchís, Martín Vázquez, Míchel and Miguel Pardeza.

Sanchís and Martín Vázquez were the first to play for the first team of Real Madrid, making their debut at Murcia on December 4, 1983. Coach Alfredo Di Stéfano brought the youngsters in from the start. Both played surprisingly well and Sanchís even scored the winning goal. A few months later, February 5, 1984, saw the debut of Emilio Butragueño in an away game at Cádiz. El Buitre was an instant sensation and scored twice. Pardeza was added to the first team that same season and Míchel followed at the start of the next.


With La Quinta del Buitre (reduced to four members when Pardeza left the club for Zaragoza in 1986) Real Madrid had one of the best teams in Spain and Europe during the second half of the 1980s, winning amongst others two UEFA Cups and 5 Spanish championships in a row. Their record was only blemished by their failure to win the European Cup, and their continued abject defeats against the far superior AC Milan side of the time.

Martín Vázquez went to play for Torino in 1990. He made a return to Real Madrid in 1992, leaving the club again for good in 1995 (to Deportivo La Coruña). Butragueño left the club in 1995 and Michél in 1996. Both went to play for Atlético Celaya in México.

Sanchís was the only member of La Quinta to never play for a club other than Real Madrid. By winning the Champions League twice (in 1998 and 2000), he also managed to accomplish what La Quinta had failed to achieve in its glory days. He retired in 2001 as last active member of the famous cohort at the age of 37.

The Lorenzo Sanz Era (1995 - 2000)

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Honours Won (5) : UEFA Champions League (1998), (2000) La Liga (1997) Supercopa de España (1997) Intercontinental Cup (1998)

2000 UEFA Champions League Final starting lineup.

After ten and a half years in office, Ramón Mendoza handed in his irrevocable resignation on 20 November 1995. He was relieved by Lorenzo Sanz, who held recourse to Club by-law 49 to get elected as heir to Mendoza by the 11 directors who continued in the Board of Directors following the transfer of power. On 20 May 1996, Lorenzo Sanz presented Fabio Capello as new head coach of Real Madrid. The Italian trainer landed in Madrid borne out by his five successful seasons with AC Milan, (with whom he won the 1994 European Cup) to replace Arsenio Iglesias who was the temp coach after the infamous Jorge Valdano quit. Although winining the league Capello left Madrid after just one season, years later he it was because he just didn't setaled in Madrid as well as he would have wanted, he came back to Milan.

 
Real Madrid's Starting Lineup in the 97/98 Champions League Final.

Replacing Fabio Capello was the German coach Jupp Heynckes led the team to win the very much awaited -last one was in 1966, 32 years earlier- European Cup. The venue: Amsterdam Arena. Date: 20 May 1998. The Merengues conquered their seventh top European trophy with a goal by now Sporting Director Pedja Mijatovic against the Italian side of Juventus, who were the hot favourites that night. Heynckes was fired at the end of that year and been replaced by José Antonio Camacho who resegnated just monthes after on July, 2008 before the actual season even began.

Guus Hiddink was the manager in charge of guiding Real Madrid to their second Intercontinental Cup after the surprising resignation of Camacho. An extraordinary goal by Raúl in Tokyo sealed the more than fair 2-1 end result for the Whites. Hiddink was also fired just after less then a season, the Welshman John Toshack replaced him on February, 1999 he was fired 9 months later. making it 7 coaches in just 3 years.

Vicente del Bosque took over John Toshack as head coach of Real Madrid in mid-season and spearheaded the Madridistas towards raising their eighth European Cup -second Champions League title. The venue was superb: the newly built Saint-Denis stadium of Paris would host the first ever Spanish final -as well as the first ever final of the European Cup between two teams of the same country- on 24 May 2000. It was a vibrant game which saw Madrid triumph over Valencia with a final 3-0 result. It was the last European Cup of the 20th Century and, as the first one, it belonged to the Whites.

The Florentino Pérez Era (2000 - 2006)

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Honours Won (6) : UEFA Champions League (2002), La Liga (2001), (2003) Supercopa de España (2001), (2003) Intercontinental Cup (2002)

{{Details2|Galáctico}}

2000-2003: Dream Team

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2002 UEFA Champions League Final starting lineup.

In July 2000 Florentino Pérez was elected club president vowing to erase the club's debt and modernise the club's facilities, however the primary electoral promise that propelled Pérez to victory was the signing of then-FC Barcelona star Luís Figo. During the campaign, Pérez claimed he had an agreement with the Portuguese winger that would see Figo move to the Bernabeu should Pérez be elected. On July 16, Pérez won the election. Eight days later, Luís Figo was presented with the number 10 shirt of Real Madrid.

Days later, surrounded by controversy, Real Madrid idol Fernando Redondo, who had openly supported Pérez's opponent Lorenzo Sanz, was sold to Italian giants AC Milan. During the summer of 2000, Real Madrid signed Claude Makélélé, Albert Celades, Flávio Conceição, César Sánchez, Pedro Munitis, and Santiago Solari although aside from Makélélé and Conceição the rest had been signed prior to the election of Florentino Pérez. Expectations were high as Real Madrid began the 2000-01 season with the possibility of winning 5 trophies but stumbled at the first test losing the European Super Cup by a score of 1-2 to Galatasaray. An injury to Fernando Morientes left Real Madrid without a centre forward, but manager Vicente Del Bosque improvised by using youth team graduate Guti, in that role and Real Madrid made a good start to both domestic and European campaigns. But Real Madrid were defeated 2-0 at the Camp Nou against Barcelona and were later eliminated from the Copa del Rey by Toledo as well as losing the Intercontinental Cup final to a Boca Juniors side led by Martin Palermo and Riquelme. But Real Madrid recovered form and went top of the Spanish first division in mid-January, a position they would not relinquish on their way to winning the title. Real Madrid advanced from the second group stage of the Champions League to face Galatasaray in the quarterfinals. Real Madrid lost the first leg in Istanbul 3-2 but recovered to win the tie after a 3-0 victory in the Bernabeu. This would produce a replay of the 1999-2000 Champions League semifinal against Bayern Munich. Real Madrid would not reach the final however, losing 1-3 on aggregate to the eventual champions. Real Madrid would not be denied the league title however, and on 26 May, the merengues would crown themselves champions of the Spanish first division with an emphatic 5-0 win over Alaves at the Bernabeu. Goals by Raúl (2), Guti, Hierro, and Iván Helguera would ensure victory and Real Madrid's 28th league title with two matches left to play.

 
Zinedine Zidane (left) and David Beckham (right) were two prominent Galácticos.

After reaching an agreement to re-zone and sell the Ciudad Deportiva, Pérez went on to sign Zinédine Zidane (2001), Ronaldo (2002) and David Beckham (2003). The media began referring to the team as Los Galácticos. Initially the strategy, eventually dubbed Zidanes y Pavones and meant to combine world stars and youth team graduates, was successful and Real Madrid won La Liga in 2001 and 2003 and the UEFA Champions League in 2002, their centenary year. They also won the Intercontinental Cup, the European Super Cup[9]​ and the Supercopa de España in both 2001 and 2003.

Off the field the Zidanes y Pavones policy resulted in increased financial success based on the exploitation of the club's high marketing potential around the world, especially in Asia.

In the summer of 2003, just after capturing another La Liga title, Florentino Pérez and the board of directors refused to renew the contract of coach Vicente Del Bosque and after an internal dispute forced captain Fernando Hierro to leave the club. They also ignored Claude Makélélé's request of a new contract with a better salary, in return, Makélélé asked for a transfer request, and was transferred to Chelsea.

2003/2004 Season: Wind of Change

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The few days after the capturing of the league title were surrounded with controversy. The first controversial decision came when Perez sacked winning coach Vicente del Bosque, after Real's sporting director claimed that del Bosque was not the right man for the job; they wanted someone young to shake up the team. The bad atmosphere continued when the Real legend and captain Fernando Hierro left the club after a disagreement with the management, as did Steve McManaman. However, the club toured Asia in preseason and introduced newly signed galactico David Beckham. Perez and his directors refused to renew Claude Makélélé's contract with a better salary, upsetting Makelele who asked for a transfer, eventually moving to Chelsea FC. In the final days of the transfer window, Fernando Morientes left the club on loan to Monaco. Real Madrid, with newly appointed coach Carlos Queiroz, started their domestic league slowly after a hard win over Real Betis.

But everyone was convinced when Madrid won 7-2 at home over Real Valladolid. The second part of the season gave chances to youngsters and academy graduates like Borja Fernandez, Alvaro Mejia, Antonio Nunez, and Juanfran to shine, as Queiroz rotated his squad, although the team missed Portillo whose previous poor performances inspired the club to loan him in the winter to the Italian side ACF Fiorentina. Real Madrid also topped their group in the Champions League and advanced to the quarter-finals after defeating Bayern Munich in the Last-16 2-1 on aggregate. But Madrid's on-loan striker Morientes punished his team with his goals, as Madrid saw Monaco go on to the semis. However Real kept their morale high after leading La Liga, 8 points clear of Valencia CF in February. But some surprises were waiting them, as they were beaten for the first time at the Bernabeu that season at the hands of CA Osasuna 3-0. They recovered their points lead after a win at the Vicente Calderón Stadium, but more disappointments were to come as they lost their final 5 games in the league at home to RCD Mallorca, Arch rivals FC Barcelona, Real Sociedad, and away to Real Murcia and Deportivo de La Coruña. They saw teams like Valencia, Barcelona, and Deportivo pass them to make up the top three, as Real ended the season in a disappointing 4th place. Their poor performances continued as they lost the final of the Copa Del Rey to Real Zaragoza. Shortly after the end of the season, Carlos Queiroz was sacked and replaced by ex-Real Madrid player, José Antonio Camacho.

2004/05 Season

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Perez appointed club legend Jose Antonio Camacho as head coach after Queiroz was sacked. Camacho highlighted the team's bad defensive performances and persuaded Perez to spend a total of €45 millions on Argentine defender Walter Samuel and English centre back Jonathan Woodgate but missed out on signing Arsenal's midfield general, Patrick Vieira due to Vieira's boldness of asking for a 'Galactico' paycheck (like Figo, Zidane, Ronaldo and David Beckham but unlike Claude Makélélé, who left for exactly that reason - €6 million Euros per year). The summer of 2004 also saw the sale of Cameroon Striker Samuel Eto'o, who had been loaned out to Real Mallorca, to arch rivals F.C. Barcelona.

English striker Michael Owen was bought from Liverpool F.C. but never settled at Real Madrid while Eto'o went on to great success with Barcelona. Camacho resigned as head coach because of the bad performances and was replaced by Mariano García Remón. García Remón's last game was a loss at the hand of Sevilla FC, where the eventual champions F.C. Barcelona were 6 points clear from their nearest rivals, and Madrid sat in 5th position. Remón was replaced by Luxemburgo after the winter break, who then signed Thomas Gravesen from Everton to fill the hole in midfield. Madrid failed to progress to the Quarter-finals of the Champions League as in the Copa Del Rey, but under Luxemburgo Madrid fought hard to earn second place with 80 points, 4 points behind Barcelona.

2005/06 season: End of an Era

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The 2005-06 season began with the promise of several new signings — Julio Baptista (€20 Million), Robinho (€30 Million) and Sergio Ramos (€30 Million - Release Clause) —, but the Brazilian coach was not able to find the right formula on the pitch as Real Madrid's poor form continued, with the team hitting rock bottom after a humiliating 0-3 loss at the hands of F.C. Barcelona in the Santiago Bernabeu. Luxemburgo would eventually resign and his replacement was Juan Ramón López Caro, formally the manager of Real Madrid Castilla. A brief return to form came to an abrupt halt after losing the first leg of the Copa del Rey quarterfinal, 6-1 to Real Zaragoza. Shortly after, Real Madrid were eliminated from the Champions League for a fourth successive year, this time at the hands of Arsenal. On February 27, 2006, Florentino Pérez resigned.[10]​ Real Madrid eventually managed to finish second in the league but did not pose a serious threat to defending champions, F.C. Barcelona.

The Ramón Calderón Era (2006 - 2009)

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Honours Won (3) : La Liga (2007), (2008) Supercopa de España (2008)

 
Ramón Calderón was chairman of Real Madrid.

On July 2, 2006 Ramón Calderón was elected as club president and subsequently appointed Fabio Capello as the new coach and Predrag Mijatović as the new sporting director. As new manager of Real Madrid, Capello signed the World Cup winning captain Fabio Cannavaro and Emerson, both from embattled Juventus, for a total sum of €23 m; Ruud van Nistelrooy from Manchester United for €15 m; Mahamadou Diarra from Lyon for €26 m and on a last minute trade loan - José Antonio Reyes, with Julio Baptista going the other way, after a disappointing time at Madrid. Ramon failed, however, to sign A.C. Milan star Kaká, Arsenal star Cesc Fabregas and Chelsea star Arjen Robben as was promised by the new president. During the January transfer window, he has managed to sign Fluminense left back Marcelo (€6.5 m), River Plate forward Gonzalo Higuaín (€13 m) and Boca Juniors midfielder Fernando Gago (€18 m).

2006-07 season

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On January 16, 2007, Calderón made some very unfortunate comments about the behavior of some players in the squad and the Santiago Bernabéu fans, which has put the club in a delicate situation.[11]​ One of the players that Calderón criticised was David Beckham, who, in January 2007, agreed to a deal to play for LA Galaxy at the end of that season. Among others to criticise Beckham was manager Fabio Capello, who, at the time, vowed never to select Beckham for the team again, although he later withdrew his words. At the end of January Ronaldo left the club for 7.5 million euros for AC Milan. On February 9, 2007, Capello allowed Beckham back onto Real's starting 11 in an away match against Real Sociedad, Beckham played well and scored the equalizing goal in the match (Real Madrid won the match 2-1). On February 24, 2007, the Madrid derby between Atlético Madrid and Real Madrid at the Vicente Calderón Stadium was a 1-1 draw. The scorers were Fernando Torres for Atlético, and Gonzalo Higuain for Real. The Madrid derby is seen as one of the most fiercely contested matches in the Spanish football calendar.

On March 7, 2007 Real Madrid failed to reach the quarter-finals of the Champions League due to Bayern Munich's strong home performance. Despite winning the home leg 3-2, they lost 2-1 in Germany and were eliminated on an away goals tiebreaker. Bayern scored the fastest goal in the Champions league during that match, after Roberto Carlos lost the ball after kick-off, which led to Roy Makaay scoring in 10 seconds.

On March 10, 2007 Real Madrid contested the Clasico against Barcelona at the Camp Nou. Real Madrid took the lead 3 times after 2 goals from Ruud van Nistelrooy and one from Sergio Ramos but were pegged back by a hat-trick from Lionel Messi, including an injury-time equaliser. Despite the sending off of Oleguer, the Clasico ended 3-3.

Real Madrid managed to find their form consistently for the first time all season as they managed to win seven out of eight of the final twelve games, including a 2-1 home win over Valencia on April 21, 2007 and another 3-2 home win over Sevilla on May 6, 2007. Calderón then went on to say that if the team keep up their great play, he was confident Real Madrid will win the league title and end their four year wait for a major trophy on June 17.

On May 12, 2007, despite not having Robinho and Beckham on the pitch (due to separate yellow cards given in the previous match against Sevilla) Real Madrid took over first place in the La Liga for the first time all season by defeating Espanyol 4-3, coming back from 1-3 first half deficit. Los Blancos were able to avoid a 3-3 draw thanks to a 89th minute goal by Gonzalo Higuaín.

The Sunday after Real won their epic battle with Espanyol, Barça dropped points with a 1-1 draw to struggling Betis. By virtue of their superior head to head record, Real Madrid sat at the top of La Liga, with four crucial games left to play.

The following Sunday, Real managed to beat Recreativo 2-3 at the Nuevo Colombino. With the score tied at 2-2, Real Madrid looked set return the lead back to rivals Barcelona until Roberto Carlos scored at the end of the match from a Fernando Gago assist and the squad left Huelva with just three games left to play. The remaining three were Deportivo, Zaragoza and Mallorca.

On May 26, 2007, Real Madrid did another excellent match to defeat Deportivo 3-1 at the Bernabéu. This victory made it six wins in a row for Real Madrid. Goals from Sergio Ramos, Raúl and Ruud van Nistelrooy secured the win. That victory left Real with only two games left to play and with hopes and morale reaching a high point in Real's dressing room, Capello and Calderón began to believe that Real was going to win the league title.

On June 9, 2007, Real played against Zaragoza at La Romareda. The match got off to a bad start when Real Madrid were forced to change their lineup some minutes before the start of the match when young defender Miguel Torres got injured in the warm up, tearing his hamstring. Zaragoza led Real 2-1 near the end of the match while Barcelona were also winning against Espanyol 2-1. Real's title challenge looked to be over. However, a late Ruud Van Nistelrooy equalizer followed by a last minute Raúl Tamudo goal sprang Real Madrid's title hopes back into their favor. Sevilla were also held 0-0 away against Mallorca, which meant that a win at home against Mallorca would effectively secure Los Merengues their 30th Spanish league title.

The title was won on June 17, Real faced Mallorca at the Bernabéu, while Barcelona and Sevilla, the other title challengers, faced Gimnàstic de Tarragona and Villarreal respectively. At half time Real were 0-1 down, while Barcelona had surged ahead into a 0-3 lead in Tarragona; however, three goals in the last half-an-hour secured Real Madrid a 3-1 win and their first league title since 2003. The first goal came from Reyes who scored after a good work from Higuaín. An own goal followed by another delightful goal from Reyes allowed Real to begin celebrating the title. Thousands of Real Madrid fans began going to Plaza de Cibeles to celebrate the title.

Real Madrid recently signed a three-year deal with betting company Bwin.com in June, announcing a shirt deal at the same time that saw Benq Siemens replaced by Bwin.com on the front. The 2007-08 shirts made their first appearance during their title celebration on June 17, 2007.

2007-08 season

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On August 25, Real Madrid kicked off the season in a derby against city rivals Atlético Madrid at the Santiago Bernabéu. It was a highly entertaining display from both sides but Real managed to win 2-1, with goals from Raúl and Wesley Sneijder for Real while Kun Agüero scored for Atletico. It was a great start for Real as they showed skill and that they were adapting to the new style of play Bernd Schuster had brought in.On August 28, Antonio Puerta, player of the Sevilla FC died in the hospital after three days in the hospital. The Santiago Bernabeu Trophy (where Real Madrid was about to play against Sporting Lisbon) was cancelled in honor of Antonio Puerta. On September 02, Real Madrid managed to win 5-0 against Villarreal in El Maadrigal, with 2 goals from Sneijder, 1 from Raul, 1 from van Nistelrooy and 1 from Guti. Real extended their winning streak to 3 after they beat Almeria at home before earning a well deserved 1-1 against Valladolid with Saviola scoring the equalizer three minutes from time.

 
Real Madrid's players celebrate their 2008 Supercopa de España win.

Four days later, Real remained unbeaten as they beat Betis 2-0 at the Bernabeu with goals from Raul and an amazing bicycle kick from Julio Baptista. Real continued their unbeaten run under Schuster by beating Getafe 1-0 away to ensure The Whites remain at the summit of the La Liga.

Real Madrid has closed out its best fiscal year in history after recording €351 million in ordinary revenue -a 20% increase compared to last year- and €83 million in earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization -a 43% increase compared to the 2005/06 fiscal year.[12]​

Real started their European Campaign well, beating German side Werder Bremen 2-1 at home thanks to goals from Raul and Ruud Van Nistelrooy, however they lost in the first knockout round against Roma, with a score of 4-2.

On the 9th of December it was announced that Bernd Schuster had been sacked as manager, and that ex-Tottenham Hotspur F.C. manager Juande Ramos would replace him.[13]​

The 2nd Florentino Pérez Era (2009 - )

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After no one of the 2009 presidency election was able to get the necessary funds (€56 M), on June 1st Florentino Pérez was officialy announced as Real Madrid president. His first move as Real Madrid president was to sign Brazilian superstar Kaká from AC Milan for an undisclosed fee believed to be £56 million or €68 million. On 11th June 2009, Real Madrid officially anounced on their website that an £80 million or €94 million offer for Portuguese Ballon d'Or winner Cristiano Ronaldo had been accepted by his club, Manchester United, after the player had expressed his desire to leave the club for Los Merengues.

On June 25, 2009, Raúl Albiol joined Real Madrid CF on a fee thought to be in the region of €15 million.

On June 26, 2009, the deal for Cristiano Ronaldo was finalized with the player becoming officially a Real Madrid player on July 1, 2009.

On July 1, 2009, it was announced that Olympique Lyonnais had reached an agreement with Spanish club Real Madrid for the transfer of Karim Benzema. The transfer fee was priced at €35m with the fee rising to as much as €41m based on incentives.

Crest and colours

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The first crest of Real Madrid had a simple design consisting of a decorative interlacing of the three initials of the club, "MCF" for Madrid Club de Fútbol, in dark blue on a white shirt. The first change in the crest occurred in 1908 when the letters adopted a more streamlined form and appeared inside a circle.[14]​ The next change in the configuration of the crest did not occur until the presidency of Pedro Parages in 1920. At that time, King Alfonso XIII granted the club his royal patronage which came in the form of the title "Real", roughly translated as "Royal".[15]​ Thus, Alfonso's crown was added to the crest and the club styled itself Real Madrid Club de Fútbol.[14]​ With the dissolution of the monarchy in 1931, all the royal symbols (the crown on the crest and the title of Real) were eliminated. The crown was replaced by the dark mulberry band of the Region of Castile.[16]​ In 1941, two years after the end of the Civil War, the crest's "Real Corona", or "Royal Crown", was restored while the mulberry stripe of Castile was retained as well.[17]​ In addition, the whole crest was made full color, with gold being the most prominent, and the club was again called Real Madrid Club de Fútbol.[14]​ The most recent modification to the crest occurred in 2001 when the club wanted to better situate itself for the twenty-first century and further standardize its crest. One of the modifications made was changing the mulberry stripe to a more bluish shade.[14]​

Real Madrid's traditional home colours are all white, although it initially adopted a blue oblique stripe on the shirt (the design was kept in the club crest); but unlike today, dark blue socks were worn.[18]​[19]​ The striped shirt was replaced by an all-white version, modeled after the shirt worn by Corinthian F.C., in 1902.[20]​ In the same year, the blue socks were replaced by black ones. By the early 1940s the manager changed the kit again by adding buttons to the shirt and the club's crest on the left breast (which have remained ever since). On 23 November 1947, in a game against Atlético Madrid at the Metropolitano Stadium, Real Madrid became the first Spanish team to wear numbered shirts.[17]​

Real's traditional away colours are all black or all purple. The club's kit is currently manufactured by Adidas whose contract extends from 1998.[21]​[22]​ Real Madrid's first shirt sponsor, Zanussi, agreed for the 1982–83, 1983–84 and 1984–85 seasons. Following that, the club was sponsored by Parmalat and Otaysa before a long-term deal was signed with Teka in 1992.[23]​[24]​ In 2001, Real Madrid ended their contract with Teka and for one season used the Realmadrid.com logo to promote the club's website. Then, in 2002, a deal was signed with Siemens Mobile and in 2006, the BenQ Siemens logo appeared on the club's shirt.[25]​ Real Madrid's current shirt sponsor is bwin.com following the economic problems of BenQ Siemens.[26]​[27]​

Stadiums

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Artículos principales: Santiago Bernabéu Stadium, Alfredo Di Stéfano Stadium y Estadio Chamartín.
 
Real Madrid at Santiago Bernabéu during a 2007 match with Real Betis

After moving between grounds the team moved to the "Campo de O'Donnell" in 1912, which remained its home ground for eleven years.[28]​ After this period, the club moved for one year to the Campo de Ciudad Lineal, a small ground with a capacity of 8,000 spectators. After that, Real Madrid moved its home matches to Estadio Chamartín which was inaugurated on 17 May 1923 with a match against Newcastle United. In this stadium, which hosted 22,500 spectators, Real Madrid celebrated its first Spanish league title.[18]​ After some successes, the 1943 elected president Santiago Bernabéu decided that the Estadio Chamartín was not big enough for the ambitions of the club. A new stadium was built and was inaugurated on 14 December 1947.[17]​[29]​ This was the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium as it is known today, although it did not acquire this name until 1955.[30]​ The first match held on Bernabéu was played between Real Madrid and the Portuguese club Belenenses and won by The Whites with 3–1, the first goal being scored by Sabino Barinaga.[17]​

The capacity has changed frequently, peaking at 120,000 after a 1953 expansion.[31]​[32]​ Since then, there have been a number of reductions due to modernizations (the last standing places went away in 1998–99 in response to UEFA regulations which forbids standing at matches in the UEFA competition), countered to some extent by expansions.[31]​ The last change was an increase of about five thousand to a capacity of 80,354, effected in 2003. A plan to add a retractable roof has been announced.[33]​

The Bernabéu has hosted the 1964 European Championship final, the 1982 FIFA World Cup final, the 1957, 1969 and 1980 European Cup finals and is due to host the 2010 Champions League Final.[34]​ The stadium has its own Madrid Metro station along the 10 line called Santiago Bernabéu.[35]​ The Bernabeu has recently been upgraded to Elite Football Stadium status by UEFA.[36]​

On 9 May 2006, the Alfredo Di Stéfano Stadium was inaugurated at the City of Madrid where Real Madrid usually trains. The inaugural match was played between Real Madrid and Stade Reims, a rematch of the 1956 European Cup final. Real Madrid won the match 6–1 with goals from Sergio Ramos, Cassano (2), Soldado (2), and Jurado. The venue is now part of the Ciudad Real Madrid, the club's new training facilities located outside Madrid in Valdebebas. The stadium holds 5,000 people and is Real Madrid Castilla's home ground. It is named after former Real footballer Alfredo di Stéfano.[37]​

Statistics and records

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Artículo principal: Real Madrid C.F. statistics
 
Raúl is Real Madrid's all-time top goalscorer.

Real Madrid are among the best teams in La Liga, therefore players like Manuel Sanchís Hontiyuelo holds the record for Real Madrid appearances, having played 712 first-team matches between 1983 and 2001.[38]​ Forward Raúl comes second, having played 700 times. The record for a goalkeeper is held by Iker Casillas, with 440 appearances. With 127 caps (47 while at the club), Luís Figo of Portugal is Real's most capped international player.[39]​

Raúl is Real's all-time top goalscorer, with 316 goals in 700 games (1994–present).[40]​ Four other players have also scored over 200 goals for Real: Alfredo di Stéfano (1953–64), Carlos Santillana (1971–88), Ferenc Puskás (1958–66) and Hugo Sánchez (1985–92). Hugo Sánchez holds the record for the most league goals scored in one season (38 in 1989–90). Di Stéfano's 49 goals in 58 matches was for decades the all-time highest tally in the European Cup, until it was surpassed by Raúl in 2005. The fastest goal in the history of the club (15 seconds) was scored by Brazilian Ronaldo on 3 December 2003 during a league match with Atlético Madrid.[41]​

Officially, Real Madrid's highest home attendance is 83,329 for a Copa del Rey match in 2006. The current legal capacity of Santiago Bernabéu is 80,354.[42]​ The club's average attendance in 2007–08 season was 76,234, the highest in European Leagues.[43]​ Real have also set records in Spanish football, most notably the most domestic titles (31 as of 2007–08) and the most seasons won in a row (5, during 1960–65 and 1985–90).[44]​ With 121 matches (from 17 February 1957 to 7 March 1965), the club holds the record for longest unbeaten run at home in La Liga.[45]​

The Whites also hold the record for winning the UEFA Champions League nine times and for the most semi-final appearances (21).[46]​ Raúl González is the all-time UEFA Champions League top scorer, with 64 goals. The team has the record number of consecutive participation in the European Cup with 15, from 1955–56 to 1969–70.

In June 2009, the club broke its own record for the highest transfer fee ever paid in the history of football by agreeing to pay Manchester United €96 million ($131.5 million, £80 million) for the services of Cristiano Ronaldo.[47]​ The fee of €76 million (over $100 million, £45.8 million) for Zinedine Zidane's transfer from Juventus to Real Madrid in 2001 was the previous highest transfer fee ever paid. In June 2009, Real Madrid also agreed to buy Kaká from A.C. Milan for a fee that broke the previous record in pounds sterling. The club's record sale came on 1 September 2008, when they sold Robinho to Manchester City for €42 million (£32.5 million).[48]​

Supporters and rivalries

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During most home matches the majority of the seats in the stadium are occupied by season ticket holders, of which there are average of 68,670.[1]​ To become a season ticket holder one must first be a socio, or club member. Not all members are able to get a season ticket. In addition to members, the club has more than 1,800 peñas (official, club-affiliated supporters' groups) in Spain and around the world. Real Madrid has the first highest average all-time attendance in Spanish football and regularly attract over 65,000 fans to Santiago Bernabéu; it was the second best-supported La Liga team in the 2004–05 season, with an average gate of 71,900.[49]​.

The club has a large and diverse fanbase, who hold some long-standing rivalries with other clubs; It semiannually contests the El Clásico with FC Barcelona, its most notable rival.[50]​ Some of Real Madrid's fans are the so-called Ultras Sur supporters. They are known for their right-wing politics. The Ultras Sur have developed an alliance with some S.S. Lazio Irriducibili fans. On several occasions they have racially abused opposing players, and have been investigated by UEFA for doing so.[51]​[52]​

El Clásico

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Artículo principal: El Clásico

The rivalry with Barcelona projects what some regard as the political tensions felt between Castilians and Catalans.[53]​ Madrid is the seat of the government and of the royal family, and, especially during the Francoist era, it came to represent the conservative centripetal forces.[54]​

During the 1950s, the rivalry was intensified further when the clubs disputed the signing of Alfredo di Stéfano, who finally played for Real Madrid and was key in the subsequent success achieved by the club.[55]​ The 1960s saw the rivalry reach the European stage when they met twice at the European Cup, Real Madrid winning in 1960 and Barça winning in 1961. In 2000, the rivalry was reinforced following the controversial decision by Luís Figo to leave Barça and sign for Real Madrid.[56]​ The two teams met again in the 2002 UEFA Champions League semi-final. Real Madrid, the eventual champion, won the clash dubbed by Spanish media as the Match of the Century. As the two biggest and most successful clubs in Spain, the rivalry is renewed on an annual basis with both teams often challenging each other for the league championship.

El Derbi madrileño

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Artículo principal: El Derbi madrileño
 
Real Madrid supporters during the 2006 El Derbi madrileño match

The club's nearest neighbour is Atlético Madrid, which is also seen as a rival by Real Madrid fans. Although Atlético was originally founded by three Basque students in 1903, it was joined in 1904 by dissident members of Madrid FC. Further tensions came because initially Real supporters came from the middle class while the Atlético supporters were drawn from the working class. Today these distinctions are largely blurred. They met for the first time on 21 February 1929 in matchday three of the first League Championship at the former Chamartín. It was the first official derby of the new tournament, and Real won 2–1.[18]​ The rivalry first gained international attention in 1959 during the European Cup when the two clubs met in the semi-final. Real won the first leg 2–1 at the Bernabéu while Atlético won 1–0 at the Metropolitano. The tie went to a replay and The Whites won 2–1. Atlético, however, gained some revenge when, led by former Real Madrid coach José Villalonga, it defeated The Whites in two successive Copa del Generalísimo finals in 1960 and 1961.[57]​

Between 1961 and 1989, when Real dominated La Liga, only Atlético offered it any serious challenge, winning Liga titles in 1966, 1970, 1973 and 1977. In 1965, Atlético became the first team to beat Real at the Bernabéu in eight years. Real Madrid's record against Atlético in more recent times is very favorable.[58]​ A high point coming in the 2002–03 season, when The Whites clinched the La Liga title after beating Atlético 4–0 at the Vicente Calderón Stadium.[59]​

Brand

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It was under Florentino Pérez's presidency (2000-2006) that Real Madrid started harbouring its current ambition of becoming the world's richest professional football club.[60]​ The club ceded part of its training grounds to the city of Madrid in 2001 and sold the rest to four corporations: Repsol YPF, Mutua Automovilística de Madrid, Sacyr Vallehermoso and OHL. The sale wiped out its debts, paving the way for the club to buy the world's most expensive players such as Zinédine Zidane, Luís Figo, Ronaldo and David Beckham. The city had rezoned the training grounds for development, a move which in turn increased their value, and then bought the site.[61]​ Although there is no evidence thereto, the critics allege that the city overpaid for the property to help with the club's finance.[62]​

The sale of the training ground for office buildings cleared Real Madrid's debts of €270m and enabled the club to embark upon an unprecedented spending spree which brought big-name players to the club. Moreover, the money gained was spent on a state-of-the-art training complex on the city's outskirts.[63]​

After the 2004–05 season, Real Madrid ended Manchester United's eight-year reign as the biggest earners in world football. Real's income to the year ending 30 June 2005 jumped 17 per cent to €275.7m (£190m).[64]​

Though Pérez's policy resulted in increased financial success based on the exploitation of the club's high marketing potential around the world, especially in Asia, it came under increasing criticism for being focused too much on marketing the Real Madrid brand and not enough on the performances of the team.

In January 2007, Real Madrid paid their debts of €224 million and fell to second spot behind Manchester United. However, they reached the top again two months later after completing an image rights deal with Adidas worth 762 million. Manchester United's debt was €872 million in 2007, down from €1.25 billion in 2005.[65]​

In September 2007, Real Madrid was considered the most valuable football brand in Europe by BBDO,[66]​ and is ranked as the second most valuable club in football with a value of €951 mil (£640 million / $1.285 billion) as of May 2008, only beaten by Manchester United with a value of 1.8 billion euros (£906 million)[67]​[67]​

A study at Harvard University reached the conclusion that Real Madrid "is one of the 20 most important brand names and the only one in which its executives, the players, are well-known. We have some spectacular figures in regard to worldwide support of the club. There are an estimated 287 million people worldwide who follow Real Madrid." [68]​

Players

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Current squad

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Véase también: Real Madrid C.F. season 2009–10#Squad information

Spanish teams are limited to three players without EU citizenship. The squad list includes only the principal nationality of each player; several non-European players on the squad have dual citizenship with an EU country. Also, players from the ACP countries—countries in Africa, the Caribbean, and the Pacific that are signatories to the Cotonou Agreement—are not counted against non-EU quotas due to the Kolpak ruling.

As of the 6th July 2009.[69]​
Jugadores Equipo técnico
N.º Nac. Pos. Nombre
1   Iker Casillas
2   Míchel Salgado
3   Pepe
4   Sergio Ramos
5   Fernando Gago
6   Lassana Diarra
7   Raúl
8   Kaká
9   Cristiano Ronaldo
10   Wesley Sneijder
11   Arjen Robben
12   Marcelo
14   Guti
15   Royston Drenthe
16   Gabriel Heinze
17   Ruud Van Nistelrooy
18   Raúl Albiol
19   Karim Benzema
20   Gonzalo Higuaín
21   Christoph Metzelder
22   Miguel Torres
23   Rafael van der Vaart
24   Ezequiel Garay
25   Jerzy Dudek
26   Álvaro Negredo
—   Mahamadou Diarra
—   Esteban Granero
—   Klaas-Jan Huntelaar |- —   Rubén de la Red[70]​
Entrenador(es)
{{{entrenador}}}
Leyenda


Notable players

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Artículo principal: List of Real Madrid C.F. players
Para Category:Real Madrid C.F. players, véase a list of all former and current Real Madrid players with a Wikipedia article.

Staff

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Board of Directors

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Managers

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Para List of Real Madrid C.F. managers, véase a full list of Real Madrid managers.

There have been 41 managers of Real Madrid since the appointment of the club's first professional manager, Arthur Johnson in 1910. The longest-running manager in terms of time and games is Miguel Muñoz (1960–1974) with 604 matches. Argentine Luis Carniglia is Real's most successful permanent manager in terms of percentage of wins with 69.81%, while Jacinto Quincoces is team's least successful (37.21%).

Only managers who have won at least one trophy are mentioned.[71]​[72]​
Name Period Trophies Total
Domestic International
LC SC SS LC CL UC USC IC
  Arthur Johnson 1910–20
5
5
  Lippo Hertzka 1930–32
1
1
  Robert Firth 1932–34
1
1
  Francisco Bru 1934–36, 1939–41
1
1
  Jacinto Quincoces 1945–46, 1947–48
1
1
  Baltasar Albéniz 1946–47, 1950–51
1
1
  Enrique Fernández 1953–54
1
1
  José Villalonga 1954–57
2
2
4
  Luis Carniglia 1957–59, 1959
1
2
3
  Miguel Muñoz 1959, 1960–74
9
2
2
1
14
  Miljan Miljanić 1974–77
2
1
3
  Vujadin Boškov 1979–82
1
1
2
  Luis Molowny 1974, 1977–79, 1982, 1985–86
3
3
1
2
9
  Leo Beenhakker 1986–89, 1992
3
1
1
5
  John Toshack 1989–90, 1999
1
1
2
  Alfredo di Stéfano 1990–91
1
1
  Radomir Antić 1991–92
1
1
  Benito Floro Sanz 1992–94
1
1
2
  Jorge Valdano 1994–96
1
1
  Jupp Heynckes 1997–98
1
1
2
  Guus Hiddink 1998–99
1
1
  Vicente del Bosque 1999–03
2
1
2
1
1
7
  Carlos Queirós 2003–04
1
1
  Fabio Capello 1996-97, 2006–07
2
2
  Bernd Schuster 2007–08
1
1
2
Total 1899–2009 31 17 9 1 9 2 1 3 73

Presidents

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Since its foundation, Real Madrid has been owned and operated only by its members (all Spanish) called socios, unlike most European football clubs. Santiago Bernabéu Yeste remains the longest-running president of The Whites (35 years, from 1943 to 1978). On July 2000, former Real's player Alfredo di Stéfano is appointed Honourary President of the Club.[73]​

As of 18 May 2009.[74]​
Name From To
  Julián Palacios 1900 6 March 1902
  Juan Padrós 6 March 1902 January 1904
  Carlos Padrós January 1904 1908
  Adolfo Meléndez 1908 July 1916
  Pedro Parages July 1916 16 May 1926
  Luis de Urquijo 16 May 1926 1930
  Luis Usera 1930 31 May 1935
  Rafael Sánchez Guerra 31 May 1935 4 August 1936
  Adolfo Meléndez 4 August 1936 1940
  Antonio Santos Peralba 1940 11 September 1943
  Santiago Bernabéu Yeste 11 September 1943 2 June 1978
  Luis de Carlos September 1978 24 May 1985
  Ramón Mendoza 24 May 1985 26 November 1995
  Lorenzo Sanz 26 November 1995 16 July 2000
  Florentino Pérez 16 July 2000 27 February 2006
  Fernando Martín Álvarez 27 February 2006 26 April 2006
  Luis Gómez-Montejano 26 April 2006 2 July 2006
  Ramón Calderón 2 July 2006 16 January 2009
  Vicente Boluda 16 January 2009 31 May 2009
  Florentino Pérez 1 June 2009 present

Honours

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Para Real Madrid C.F. honours, véase more details on this topic.

Historically, Real Madrid is Spain's most successful team, having won 57 domestic trophies, and one of the most recognized football clubs in the world, having won 15 European trophies, making them the second most winning team in Europe and third in the world for official international competition won, all recognized by UEFA and FIFA. The club was placed first in the FIFA Clubs of the 20th Century's selection on 23 December 2000.[75]​ It also received the FIFA Order of Merit in 2004.[76]​ Added to this, Real is allowed to wear the UEFA Badge of Honour on their shirt during UEFA Champions League matches as they have won more than five European Cups.[77]​

Domestic

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Winners (31 – record): 1931–32, 1932–33, 1953–54, 1954–55, 1956–57, 1957–58, 1960–61, 1961–62, 1962–63, 1963–64, 1964–65, 1966–67, 1967–68, 1968–69, 1971–72, 1974–75, 1975–76, 1977–78, 1978–79, 1979–80, 1985–86, 1986–87, 1987–88, 1988–89, 1989–90, 1994–95, 1996–97, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2006–07, 2007–08
Runners-up (18): 1928–29, 1933–34, 1934–35, 1935–36, 1941–42, 1944–45, 1958–59, 1959–60, 1965–66, 1980–81, 1982–83, 1983–84, 1991–92, 1992–93, 1998–99, 2004–05, 2005–06, 2008–09
Winners (17): 1904–05, 1905–06, 1906–07, 1907–08, 1916–17, 1933–34, 1935–36, 1945–46, 1946–47, 1961–62, 1969–70, 1973–74, 1974–75, 1979–80, 1981–82, 1988–89, 1992–93
Runners-up (19): 1902–03, 1915–16, 1917–18, 1923–24, 1928–29, 1929–30, 1932–33, 1939–40, 1942–43, 1957–58, 1959–60, 1960–61, 1967–68, 1978–79, 1982–83, 1989–90, 1991–92, 2001–02, 2003–04
Winners (8 – record): 1988, 1989*, 1990, 1993, 1997, 2001, 2003, 2008
Runners-up (3): 1982, 1995, 2007
(* Won Copa del Rey and La Liga)
Winners (1): 1984–85
Runners-up (1): 1982–83

International

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Winners (9 – record): 1955–56*, 1956–57, 1957–58, 1958–59, 1959–60, 1965–66, 1997–98, 1999–2000, 2001–02
Runners-up (3): 1961–62, 1963–64, 1980–81
(* First ever winners)
Winners (2): 1984–85, 1985–86
Runners-up (2): 1970–71, 1982–83
Winners (3): 1960, 1998, 2002
Runners-up (2): 1966, 2000
Winners (1): 2002
Runners-up (2): 1998, 2000

Footnotes

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  1. ↑ a b c «Real Madrid Club de Fútbol» (en spanish). Liga de Fútbol Profesional. Consultado el 22 de febrero de 2009.  Error en la cita: Etiqueta <ref> no válida; el nombre «Real Madrid Club de Fútbol» está definido varias veces con contenidos diferentes
  2. ↑ Madrid Tourist Guide. «Real Madrid Football Club». Consultado el 27 de enero de 2008. In Spanish, the players are nicknamed ‘Los Merengues’ meaning literally ‘the meringues’ which applies to their white strip.
  3. ↑ Realmadrid.com. «1902-1911». Consultado el 27 de enero de 2008. 
  4. ↑ Florentino Pérez, nuevo presidente del Real Madrid uefa.com
  5. ↑ Manuel Pellegrini, nuevo entrenador del Real Madrid
  6. ↑ «Estadio Santiago Bernabeu». The Stadium Guide. Consultado el 16 de septiembre de 2007. 
  7. ↑ http://www.forbes.com/lists/2008/34/biz_soccer08_Real-Madrid_340002.html
  8. ↑ The Stadium Guide - The Story of Real Madrid
  9. ↑ Real win Super Cup BBC Sport
  10. ↑ Perez resigns as Madrid president BBC Sport
  11. ↑ Yahoo! Sports - Sports News, Scores, Rumors, Fantasy Games, and more
  12. ↑ Real Madrid closes out its best fiscal year in history (Realmadrid.com)
  13. ↑ Ramos replaces Schuster at Real
  14. ↑ a b c d «Escudo Real Madrid» (en spanish). santiagobernabeu.com. Consultado el 29 de noviembre de 2008. 
  15. ↑ «Presidents — Pedro Parages». Realmadrid.com. Consultado el 18 de julio de 2008. 
  16. ↑ Error en la cita: Etiqueta <ref> no válida; no se ha definido el contenido de las referencias llamadas Real Madrid turns 106 (IV)
  17. ↑ a b c d Error en la cita: Etiqueta <ref> no válida; no se ha definido el contenido de las referencias llamadas Real Madrid turns 106 (V)
  18. ↑ a b c Error en la cita: Etiqueta <ref> no válida; no se ha definido el contenido de las referencias llamadas Real Madrid turns 106 (III)
  19. ↑ «Camiseta Real Madrid» (en spanish). santiagobernabeu.com. Consultado el 29 de noviembre de 2008. 
  20. ↑ Real Madrid home kit in 1905 was all-white, so the supporters start calling the players as Los Blancos
  21. ↑ Álvaro Velasco (1 de diciembre de 2006). «Leaders in sporting goods». Realmadrid.com. Consultado el 12 de julio de 2008. «Ramón Calderón says: We began working with Adidas again in 1998». 
  22. ↑ «Our Sponsors — Adidas». Realmadrid.com. Consultado el 18 de julio de 2008. 
  23. ↑ «Evolución Del Uniforme del Real Madrid (1902-1989)» (en spanish). Leyendablanca.com. Consultado el 18 de julio de 2008. 
  24. ↑ «Evolución Del Uniforme del Real Madrid (1991-2008)» (en spanish). Leyendablanca.com. Consultado el 18 de julio de 2008. 
  25. ↑ «BenQ Mobile Scores As Real Madrid’s New Major Sponsor». Realmadrid.com. 8 de noviembre de 2005. Consultado el 18 de julio de 2008. 
  26. ↑ Juan José López Soto (11 de junio de 2008). «Real Madrid and Bwin sign sponsorship agreement». Realmadrid.com. Consultado el 18 de julio de 2008. 
  27. ↑ «Our Sponsors — bwin.com». Realmadrid.com. Consultado el 18 de julio de 2008. 
  28. ↑ Error en la cita: Etiqueta <ref> no válida; no se ha definido el contenido de las referencias llamadas History — Chapter 1 - From the Estrada Lot to the nice, little O’Donnel pitch
  29. ↑ «History — Chapter 3 - The New Chamartin, an exemplary stadium». Realmadrid.com. Consultado el 12 de julio de 2008. 
  30. ↑ Error en la cita: Etiqueta <ref> no válida; no se ha definido el contenido de las referencias llamadas Real Madrid turns 106 (VI)
  31. ↑ a b «60th Anniversary». Realmadrid.com. 13 de diciembre de 2007. Consultado el 12 de julio de 2008.  Parámetro desconocido |authoer= ignorado (ayuda)
  32. ↑ «History — Chapter 4». Realmadrid.com. Consultado el 12 de julio de 2008. 
  33. ↑ «History — Chapter 10 - The future». Realmadrid.com. Consultado el 13 de julio de 2008. 
  34. ↑ Alvaro Velasco (28 de marzo de 2008). «Final at the Bernabéu». Realmadrid.com. Consultado el 12 de julio de 2008. 
  35. ↑ «Santiago Bernabéu station» (en spanish). Metromadrid.es. Consultado el 30 de septiembre de 2007. 
  36. ↑ «The Bernabéu is now Elite». Realmadrid.com. 14 de noviembre de 2007. Consultado el 12 de julio de 2008.  Parámetro desconocido |authoer= ignorado (ayuda)
  37. ↑ «This one's for you, Alfredo!». Realmadrid.com. 10 de mayo de 2006. Consultado el 7 de julio de 2008. 
  38. ↑ «Legends — Manolo Sanchís Hontiyuela». realmadrid.com. Consultado el 13 de julio de 2008. 
  39. ↑ «FIFA Century Club» (PDF). fifa.com. Consultado el 13 de julio de 2008. 
  40. ↑ «Raul Equals di Stéfano's Real Madrid Record». Consultado el 5 de febrero de 2009. 
  41. ↑ «Quickfire Ronaldo proves Real hero». CNN.com. Consultado el 7 de diciembre de 2008. 
  42. ↑ «Attendances Spain average — Primera Division 2007-2008». European Football Statistics. Consultado el 16 de julio de 2008. 
  43. ↑ «European Attendances». European Football Statistics in 2008 Mexican defener, Jonni Ruvalcaba broke club record for highest payed player in a single season. Consultado el 16 de julio de 2008. 
  44. ↑ «Real Madrid C.F.» (en spanish). lpf.es. Consultado el 22 de febrero de 2009. 
  45. ↑ «Unbeaten at Home in the League». rsssf.com. Consultado el 7 de diciembre de 2008. 
  46. ↑ «History». Uefa.com. Consultado el 11 de julio de 2008. 
  47. ↑ «History of the world transfer record». BBC News. 11 de junio de 2009. Consultado el 12 de junio de 2009. 
  48. ↑ «Man City beat Chelsea to Robinho». 
  49. ↑ On the first place was Barcelona with an average gate of 76,000.
  50. ↑ «El Clásico - Real Madrid vs. Barcelona» (en spanish). Marca.com. Consultado el 11 de julio de 2008. 
  51. ↑ «Real supporters reported to Spanish FA». BBC Sport. Consultado el 3 de junio de 2008. 
  52. ↑ «UEFA investigate Real Madrid supporters». BBC Sport. Consultado el 3 de junio de 2008. 
  53. ↑ «The Politics Of Real Madrid Football Club». Madrid-tourist-guide.com. Consultado el 11 de julio de 2008. 
  54. ↑ «Barcelona vs. Real Madrid: More than a game». Time.com. Consultado el 3 de diciembre de 2008. 
  55. ↑ Jimmy Burns: Barca, a people's passion, Bloomsbury Publishing, London 1999, p31-34
  56. ↑ «Figo's the Real deal». BBC Sport. 24 de julio de 2000. Consultado el 12 de julio de 2008. 
  57. ↑ Real have won El Derbi madrileño 75 times.
  58. ↑ Álvaro Velasco (17 de enero de 2008). «One for the ages». Realmadrid.com. Consultado el 12 de julio de 2008. 
  59. ↑ «The derby turns 78». Realmadrid.com. 22 de febrero de 2007. Consultado el 12 de julio de 2008. 
  60. ↑ «Perez resigns as Real Madrid president». BBC. Consultado el 11 de diciembre de 2008. 
  61. ↑ Error en la cita: Etiqueta <ref> no válida; no se ha definido el contenido de las referencias llamadas 2001-2010
  62. ↑ «EU investigates Real Madrid property deal». independent.co.uk. 4 de marzo de 2004. Consultado el 14 de agosto de 2008. 
  63. ↑ «'Mistakes are forbidden'». CNN/Sports Illustrated. 8 de mayo de 2001. Consultado el 14 de agosto de 2008. 
  64. ↑ «Real Madrid end United reign as the game's biggest earner». Realmadrid.com. 6 de octubre de 2005. Consultado el 18 de julio de 2008. 
  65. ↑ «2007 European football clubs debts and revenues». Forbes. 30 de abril de 2008. Consultado el 21 de septiembre de 2008. 
  66. ↑ «Top 25 ranking of Europe’s most valuable football clubs» (PDF). BBDO (Batten, Barton, Durstine & Osborn). 17 de septiembre de 2007. Consultado el 16 de julio de 2008. 
  67. ↑ a b «The Most Valuable Soccer Teams». Forbes. 30 de abril de 2008. Consultado el 16 de julio de 2008. 
  68. ↑ «Noticias». upcomillas.es. Consultado el 23 de febrero de 2009. 
  69. ↑ «Squad». Real Madrid C.F. Consultado el 9 de julio de 2009. 
  70. ↑ «Official Announcement». Realmadrid.com. 2 de julio de 2009. Consultado el 2 de julio de 2009. 
  71. ↑ «Coaches». Realmadrid.com. Consultado el 12 de julio de 2008. 
  72. ↑ «Aquí están todos los entrenadores del Real Madrid.» (en spanish). Historialago.com. Consultado el 11 de julio de 2008. 
  73. ↑ «The life of Di Stéfano IV». Realmadrid.com. 17 de febrero de 2008. Consultado el 21 de septiembre de 2008. 
  74. ↑ «Presidents». Realmadrid.com. Consultado el 12 de julio de 2008. 
  75. ↑ Juan José López Soto (8 de marzo de 2008). «106 years of history». Realmadrid.com. Consultado el 12 de julio de 2008. 
  76. ↑ «Celebrations mark the opening of FIFA Centennial Congress in Paris, FIFA’s birthplace». fifa.com. 20 de mayo de 2004. Consultado el 13 de julio de 2008. 
  77. ↑ Error en la cita: Etiqueta <ref> no válida; no se ha definido el contenido de las referencias llamadas badge of honour
  78. ↑ a b c d e f «Trophy Room». Realmadrid.com. Consultado el 12 de julio de 2008. 
  79. ↑ The trophy was known as Copa de Campeones (1940), Copa de Oro Argentina (1945), Copa Eva Duarte (1947-53) and Supercopa de España (1982-present)
  80. ↑ «Trofeos de Futbol» (en spanish). Realmadrid.com. Consultado el 12 de julio de 2008. 

References

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  • Dénes, Tamás & Rochy, Zoltán (2002). Real Madrid. Aréna 2000. ISBN 963-86167-5-X. 
  • Ball, Phil (2003 New edition). Morbo: The Story of Spanish Football. WSC Books Limited. ISBN 0-954-01346-8. 
  • Ball, Phil (2003). White Storm: The Story of Real Madrid. Mainstream. ISBN 1-84018-763-8. 
  • McManaman, Steve & Edworthy, Sarah (2003). El Macca: Four Years with Real Madrid. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-743-48920-9. 
  • Luis Miguel González, Luis González López, Fundación Real Madrid (2002). Real Madrid: Cien años de leyenda, 1902-2002. Everest. ISBN 84-241-9215-X. 
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