Pax Incaica

La Pax Incaica fue un breve periodo de paz y bienestar vivido durante el Imperio incaico que duró 34 años, desde 1493 hasta 1527, coincidiendo con el reinado del tercer sapa inca, Huayna Cápac. ^[1]

El principal precedente para el surgimiento de este periodo fue la tercera expansión incaica, que fue iniciada por Pachacútec, en la que el Estado inca pasó de ser un pequeño reino a convertirse en un imperio y las grandes conquistas de Túpac Yupanqui que aumentaron considerablemente los territorios que eran gobernados por los incas.

El punto máximo del Tahuantinsuyo ocurrió cuando Huayna Cápac llevó al imperio a su máxima extensión, consolidando su hegemonía.^[2]Construyó una fuerte diplomacia a través de alianzas matrimoniales con las hijas de otros líderes políticos, lo que le permitió incrementar y concentrar el poder que ejercía sobre los demás pueblos.^[3]Durante este tiempo se experimentó una paz dentro del imperio, caracterizada por una reducción de los conflictos bélicos, baja mortalidad infantil y el reasentamiento de comunidades a zonas más aptas para la agricultura.^[4]

Este periodo terminó con la muerte de Huayna Cápac y, unos días después, de su hijo Ninan Cuyuchi, quien era el heredero legítimo al trono, acontecimientos que propiciaron la Guerra civil incaica entre Huáscar y Atahualpa, lo que marcaría el fin de la pax incaica.

Referencias

↑ «NOVA | The Great Inca Rebellion | Rise of the Inca».
↑ Owen Jarus (2018, November 5). «The Inca Empire». «The empire reached its peak after the conquests of Emperor Huayna Capac, who reigned from 1493 until around 1527.»
↑ «NOVA | The Great Inca Rebellion | Rise of the Inca». «We find, for example, that the last undisputed ruler of the empire, a man by the name of Huayna Capac, when he went to Ecuador [..] he took along 2,000 of his wives, leaving the other 4,000 in Cuzco! What we see here is a very conscious strategy of marital alliance being used to solidify political relations. But it became increasingly one-sided as the Inca emperors developed more concentrated power.»
↑ «NOVA | The Great Inca Rebellion | Rise of the Inca». «When the Incas resettled the populations, an awful lot of that population abandoned the high-elevation settlements and moved into places that were more dispersed and more accessible to productive agricultural lands. [...] There are some indications that infant mortality rates decreased substantially under the Incas. [...] In addition, there was a reduction in the amount of warfare at a local level.»

[1] «NOVA | The Great Inca Rebellion | Rise of the Inca».

[2] Owen Jarus (2018, November 5). «The Inca Empire». «The empire reached its peak after the conquests of Emperor Huayna Capac, who reigned from 1493 until around 1527.»

[3] «NOVA | The Great Inca Rebellion | Rise of the Inca». «We find, for example, that the last undisputed ruler of the empire, a man by the name of Huayna Capac, when he went to Ecuador [..] he took along 2,000 of his wives, leaving the other 4,000 in Cuzco! What we see here is a very conscious strategy of marital alliance being used to solidify political relations. But it became increasingly one-sided as the Inca emperors developed more concentrated power.»

[4] «NOVA | The Great Inca Rebellion | Rise of the Inca». «When the Incas resettled the populations, an awful lot of that population abandoned the high-elevation settlements and moved into places that were more dispersed and more accessible to productive agricultural lands. [...] There are some indications that infant mortality rates decreased substantially under the Incas. [...] In addition, there was a reduction in the amount of warfare at a local level.»

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